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Table 2 Survey questions used for discipline-specific interest and self-efficacy variables

From: Variation in which key motivational and academic resources relate to academic performance disparities across introductory college courses

Chemistry interest (α = 0.77)

In general I find chemistry topics

Very boring (1) Boring (2) Interesting (3) Very Interesting (4)

I want to know everything I can about chemistry.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

Chemistry self-efficacy (α = 0.85)

Chemistry intimidates me.

Strongly Disagree (1) Disagree (2) Agree (3) Strongly Agree (4) IDU (5)

I have trouble understanding anything based on chemistry.

Strongly Disagree (1) Disagree (2) Agree (3) Strongly Agree (4) IDU (5)

I have always had difficulty understanding arguments that require chemical knowledge.

Strongly Disagree (1) Disagree (2) Agree (3) Strongly Agree (4) IDU (5)

I can usually figure out a way to solve chemistry problems.

Strongly Disagree (1) Disagree (2) Agree (3) Strongly Agree (4) IDU (5)

After I study a topic in chemistry and feel that I understand it, I have difficulty solving problems on the same topic.

Strongly Disagree (1) Disagree (2) Agree (3) Strongly Agree (4) IDU (5)

Source: (Adams et al., 2008; Bauer, 2005; Vincent-Ruz et al., 2018)

Physics interest (α = 0.63)

I wonder about how nature works.

Never(1) Once a month (2) Once a week (3) Every day (4)

In general, I find physics

Very boring (1) Boring (2) Interesting (3) Very Interesting (4)

I want to know everything I can about physics.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

Physics self-efficacy (α = 0.75)

I can complete the physics activities I get in a lab class.

Rarely (1) Half the time (2) Most of the time (3) All the time (4)

If I went to a museum, I could figure out what is being shown about physics in

None of it (1) A few areas (2) Most areas (3) All areas (4)

I am often able to help my classmates with physics in the laboratory or in recitation.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

I get a sinking feeling when I think of trying to tackle difficult physics problems.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

If I wanted to, I could be good at doing physics research.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

If I study, I will do well on a physics test.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

Source: (Marshman et al., 2018b)

Psychology interest (α = 0.82)

I wonder about how psychology works.

Never(1) Once a month (2) Once a week (3) Every day (4)

In general, I find psychology

Very boring (1) Boring (2) Interesting (3) Very Interesting (4)

I want to know everything I can about psychology.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

I am curious about recent discoveries in psychology.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

I want to know about the current research that psychologists are doing.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

Psychology self-efficacy (α = 0.77)

If I study, I will do well on a psychology test.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

If I wanted to, I could be good at psychology research.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

I understand concepts I have studied in psychology.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

I am able to help my classmates with psychology in the laboratory or in recitation.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

If I encounter a setback in a psychology exam, I can overcome it.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

When I think about getting ready for a psychology exam, I get a sinking feeling.

NO! (1) no (2) yes (3) YES! (4)

Source: (Marshman et al., 2018b; Vincent-Ruz & Schunn, 2017)

  1. Note: Only responses 1–4 were included in analyses of composites