Fig. 2From: Effects of a first-year undergraduate engineering design course: survey study of implications for student self-efficacy and professional skills, with focus on gender/sex and race/ethnicitySurvey results reported by EGR 101 students at beginning and end of the semester. Reported values are mean ± standard deviation. *** indicates p ≤ 0.001 using paired t-test. Cohen’s d effect sizes are noted as L for large effect size (> 0.60) and M for medium effect size (0.30–0.60)Back to article page