Pre-service elementary teachers’ science and engineering teaching self-efficacy and outcome expectancy: exploring the impacts of efficacy source experiences through varying course modalities

International Journal of STEM Education

Table 5 Results of two-way ANOVA

Variable	Source	SS	MS	df	F	p
STEB	Modality	0.686	0.229	3	1.6362	0.1830
	Time	33.291	33.291	1	238.3633	< 0.001*
	Modality × time	0.188	0.063	3	0.4490	0.7184
STOE	Modality	0.1023	0.0341	3	0.3054	0.8214
	Time	3.7835	3.7835	1	33.8928	< 0.001*
	Modality × time	0.0751	0.0250	3	0.2243	0.8794
ETEB	Modality	0.451	0.150	3	0.5441	0.6528
	Time	67.404	67.404	1	243.7140	< 0.001*
	Modality × time	0.197	0.066	3	0.2374	0.8702
ETOE	Modality	0.1614	0.0538	3	0.3055	0.8214
	Time	5.5723	5.5723	1	31.6531	< 0.001*
	Modality × time	0.4090	0.1363	3	0.7745	0.5098