Motivational climate predicts effort and achievement in a large computer science course: examining differences across sexes, races/ethnicities, and academic majors

International Journal of STEM Education

Table 6 Fit indices for the path analyses

	All^a	Sex^b		Race/ethnicity^c		Academic major^d
		Unrestricted	Restricted	Unrestricted	Restricted	Unrestricted	Restricted
No. of parameters	31	62	54	62	54	93	77
χ²	18.85	26.15	36.36	18.86	27.60	27.18	51.77
df for χ²	5	10	18	10	18	15	31
p-value for χ²	0.002	0.004	0.006	0.042	0.068	0.027	0.011
scaled χ²	18.62	25.26	31.81	18.77	23.72	28.73	45.92
p-value for scaled χ²	0.002	0.005	0.023	0.043	0.164	0.017	0.041
SRMR	0.021	0.024	0.031	0.021	0.032	0.025	0.047
RMSEA	0.058	0.062	0.044	0.051	0.030	0.059	0.043
RMSEA, Lower limit 90% CI	0.032	0.032	0.016	0.009	0.000	0.024	0.009
RMSEA, Upper limit 90% CI	0.088	0.093	0.069	0.085	0.060	0.091	0.067
CFI	0.991	0.990	0.991	0.993	0.995	0.991	0.990
NNFI/TLI	0.950	0.943	0.971	0.962	0.986	0.950	0.974
Scaled χ² difference	–	7.99 (p-value = 0.435)		6.417 (p-value = 0.601)		18.95 (p-value = 0.271)

^an = 801
^bThe sex analysis compared females (n = 209) to males (n = 587); the five students who did not self-report their sex as female or male were not included in this analysis
^cThe race/ethnicity analysis compared the White (n = 357) and Asian (n = 331) groups
^dThe major analysis compared CS majors (n = 480), CS minors (n = 133), and other non-CS majors (n = 188)