Table 2 Information about the categorical media frames and illustrative core ideas

The Potential Conflict and Crisis in Academic Research and Publication

23

31.94%

Editorial-1; Editorial-2; Editorial-3; Editorial-5; Nature-5; Nature-6; Nature-7; Nature-8; Nature-11; Nature-12; Nature-13; Nature-14; CHE-5; CHE-6; CHE-9; CHE-11; IHE-3; IHE-4; IHE-8; IHE-14; IHE-22; IHE-23; IHE-30; THE-2

23 represented articles directly mentioned or implied the potential conflict and crisis in academic research and publications provoked by ChatGPT. The most common and frequent topics were ethical writing, plagiarism, bias, and misinterpretation about data analysis

The Potential Conflict and Crisis in Teaching and Learning

50

69.44%

Editorial-5; Nature-2; Nature-3; Nature-4; Nature-9; Nature-11; Nature-12; CHE-1; CHE-2; CHE-3; CHE-4; CHE-5; CHE-6; CHE-7; CHE-8; CHE-9; CHE-10; CHE-11; IHE-1; IHE-2; IHE-3; IHE-4; IHE-6; IHE-8; IHE-9; IHE-10; IHE-11; IHE-12; IHE-13; IHE-14; IHE-15; IHE-16; IHE-17; IHE-18; IHE-19; IHE-20; IHE-21; IHE-22; IHE-23; IHE-27; IHE-28; IHE-29; IHE-32; THE-1; THE-2; THE-3; THE-4; THE-7; THE-8; THE-9

50 represented articles directly mentioned or implied the potential conflict and crisis in teaching and learning provoked by ChatGPT. The most common and frequent topics were related to cheating and plagiarism, as well as teachers’ dilemmas about writing assignments

The Potential Conflict and Crisis in HR Management

31

43.05%

Editorial-4; Editorial-6; Nature-1; Nature-5; Nature-6; Nature-7; Nature-8; Nature-10; Nature12; Nature-14; CHE-3; CHE-10; IHE-5; IHE-7; IHE-13; IHE-14; IHE-15; IHE-19; IHE-21; IHE-22; IHE-24; IHE-26; IHE-27; IHE-30; IHE-31; IHE-32; THE-2; THE-3; THE-4; THE-5; THE-6

32 represented articles directly mentioned or implied the potential conflict and crisis of human resources management in higher education and industries, due to the rapid evolution of AI and the advent of ChatGPT