Table 10 Information of included studies (N = 49)
Paper | Publication types | Year | Country and region | Grade | Participants (UCT) | Application domains | Time | Unplugged tools | Type of research | Data collection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ahn et al. (2021) | Journal article | 2021 | America | Grade 2,3 | 59 | Computer Science | 3 weeks | Board game | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Brackmann et al. (2017) | Conference paper | 2017 | Spain | Grade 5,6 | 36 | Not indicated | 5 weeks | Board game | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Busuttil and Formosa (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Malta | Grade 9 | 25 | Computer Science | 5 lessons | Board game | Action research | Qualitative |
Chen and Chi (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Taiwan | Grade 5,6 | 100 | Not indicated | 1 h | Board game | Action research | Qualitative |
Chibas et al. (2018) | Conference paper | 2017 | Sweden | Kindergarten | Not indicated | Computer Science | 6 months | Robots | Case study | Not indicated |
Csizmadia et al. (2019) | Journal article | 2019 | UK | Grade 1–5 | 21 schools | Not indicated | Not indicated | Paper activity | Case study | Quantitative |
Sun et al. (2021a) | Journal article | 2021 | China | Junior high school | 32 | Computer Science | 6 weeks | Multiple | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
del Olmo-Muñoz et al. (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Spain | Grade 2 | 42 | Computer Science | 8 weeks | Paper activity | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Delal and Oner (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Turkey | Grade 6 | 53 | Computer Science | 3 classes | Bebras | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Dwyer et al. (2014) | Conference paper | 2014 | America | Grade 4 | 55 | Computer Science | Not indicated | Paper programming | Action research | Qualitative |
Folk et al. (2015) | Conference paper | 2015 | America | Not indicated | Not indicated | Computer Science | A school year | Paper activity | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Gaio (2017) | Conference paper | 2017 | Italy | Grade 3,4 | 132 | Computer Science | 3 or 4 lesson | Multiple | Action research | Qualitative |
Gresse Von Wangenheim et al. (2019) | Journal article | 2019 | Brazil | Grade 5,9 | 65 | Computer Science | Four 3-h workshops | Board game | Case study | Quantitative |
Hsu and Liang (2021) | Journal article | 2021 | Taiwan | Grade 3 | 24 | Social Sciences | 10 weeks | Board game | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Jagušt et al. (2018) | Conference paper | 2018 | Croatia | Not indicated | Not indicated | STEM | Not indicated | Paper activity | Case study | Not indicated |
Jiang and Wong (2022) | Journal article | 2022 | Hong Kong, China | Grade 4–6 | 197 | Computer Science | 5 weeks | Card game | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Kirçali and Özdener (2022) | Journal article | 2022 | Turkey | Grade 6 | 35 | Computer Science | 6 weeks | Textbook | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Klopfenstein et al. (2017) | Conference paper | 2017 | Italy | Not indicated | Not indicated | Not indicated | Not indicated | Board game | Case study | Not indicated |
Sun et al. (2021d) | Journal article | 2021 | China | Grade 7 | 62 | Computer Science | 8 weeks | Paper activity | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Sun et al. (2022) | Journal article | 2022 | China | Grade 7 | 33 | Computer Science | 8 weeks | Paper activity | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Leifheit et al. (2018) | Conference paper | 2018 | Germany | Grade 3,4 | 33 | Computer Science | 18 lessons | Board game | Case study | Not indicated |
Léonard et al. (2019) | Book chapter | 2019 | France | Primary school (8–10 years old) | 447 | Computer Science | 3 activities | Board game | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Looi et al. (2018) | Journal article | 2018 | Singapore | Grade 9 | 35 | Computer Science | Not indicated | Board game | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Merino-Armero et al. (2022) | Journal article | 2022 | Spain | Grade 6 | 14 | Social Sciences | 6 weeks | Paper programming | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Miller et al. (2018) | Conference paper | 2018 | America | Grade 6–10 | 148 | Computer Science | 9 lessons | Robots | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Minamide and Takemata (2019) | Conference paper | 2019 | Japan | Grade 2,3,4 | 70 | Computer Science | Not indicated | Sticker | Case study | Not indicated |
Minamide et al. (2020) | Conference paper | 2020 | Japan | Grade 3 | 66 | Computer Science | Not indicated | Sticker | Action research | Quantitative |
Nishida et al. (2008) | Conference paper | 2008 | Japan | One junior high school and two senior high schools | 112 | Computer Science | 10 h | Paper activity | Case study | Not indicated |
Peel et al. (2019) | Journal article | 2019 | America | Grade 10 | 113 | Biology | 9 lessons | Paper programming | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Peel et al. (2021) | Journal article | 2021 | America | Grade 10 | Not indicated | Biology | 5 lessons | Paper programming | Case study | Not indicated |
Polat and Yilmaz (2022) | Journal article | 2022 | Turkey | Grade 6 | 44 | Computer Science | 7 weeks | Paper programming | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Poole et al. (2021) | Journal article | 2021 | America | Not indicated | Not indicated | Not indicated | Not indicated | Board game | Case study | Not indicated |
Relkin et al. (2021) | Journal article | 2021 | America | Grade 1,2 | 667 | Computer Science | 12 h | Robots | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Rich et al. (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | America | Elementary | 8 | Mathematics and Science | 1 semester | Paper programming | Case study | Qualitative |
Rodriguez et al. (2017) | Conference paper | 2017 | America | Grade 7 | 190 | Computer Science | 6 lessons | Board game | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Rosamond (2018) | Journal article | 2018 | Norway | Not indicated | Not indicated | STEM | Not indicated | Board game | Case study | Not indicated |
Saxena et al. (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Hong Kong, China | Kindergarten | 11 | Computer Science | 5 weeks | Multiple | Action research | Qualitative |
Storjak et al. (2020) | Conference paper | 2020 | Croatia | Pre, Grade 2 | 130 | STEM | 2 workshops | Multiple | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Threekunprapa and Yasri (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Thailand | Secondary school | 160 | Computer Science | 2.5 h | Block | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Tonbuloğlu and Tonbuloğlu (2019) | Journal article | 2019 | Turkey | Grade 5 | 114 | Computer Science | 10 weeks | Paper programming | Experimental study | Mixed methods |
Torres-Torres et al. (2019) | Conference paper | 2019 | Spain | Grade 1,4,5 | 34 | STEM | 2 activities | Paper activity | Action research | Qualitative |
Torres-Torres et al. (2020) | Journal article | 2020 | Spain | Grade 1,4,5 | 34 | STEM | 6 lessons | Board game | Action research | Qualitative |
Tsarava et al. (2017) | Journal article | 2017 | Germany | Grade 3,4 | 17 | STEM | 10 lessons | Board game | Case study | Not indicated |
Tsarava et al. (2018) | Journal article | 2018 | Germany | Elementary | 17/19 | Not indicated | 3 separate 2-h sessions | Board game | Action research | Mixed methods |
Tsarava et al. (2019a) | Conference paper | 2019 | Germany | Grade 3,4 | 31 | Computer Science | 10 weeks | Board game | Experimental study | Quantitative |
Tsarava et al. (2019b) | Conference paper | 2019 | Germany | Grade 3,4 | 70 | Computer Science | 45 min | Board game | Case study | Quantitative |
Tsortanidou et al. (2022) | Journal article | 2022 | Spain | Grade 5,6 | 152 | Computer Science | 2 weeks | Paper activity | Case study | Qualitative |
Twigg et al. (2019) | Conference paper | 2019 | UK | Grade 1,2 | 14 schools | Computer Science | 1 semester | Textbook | Action research | Qualitative |
Vlahu-Gjorgievska et al. (2018) | Conference paper | 2018 | Australia | Grade 3,9 | 121 | Not indicated | Not indicated | Board game | Case study | Quantitative |