Fig. 1From: Modeling students’ behavioral engagement through different in-class behavior stylesSchematic representation of our data collection procedure. An observer sat discretely behind the class so that the data collection process was not disruptive, and at the same time all of the students were assessed while performing the observations. At each 2 min of the lesson, the observer estimated, via an observation form, which COPUS behaviors were present, as well as what level of engagement the class presentedBack to article page