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International Journal of STEM Education

Table 7 Logistic regression of communication skills

From: STEM doctoral students’ skill development: does funding mechanism matter?

n = 719 Model 10 Model 11 Model 12
Gender (ref. = man)    
Woman 0.73
(0.12) 		0.78
(0.13) 		0.75
(0.13)
Race (ref. = White)    
Asian 2.13***
(0.47) 		2.16***
(0.48) 		2.12***
(0.50)
Black 0.31*
(0.18) 		0.35
(0.21) 		0.33
(0.20)
Hispanic 0.80
(0.23) 		0.88
(0.25) 		0.76
(0.23)
Citizenship (ref. = U.S. citizen)    
Non-U.S. citizen 0.97
(0.21) 		0.80
(0.18) 		0.88
(0.21)
Ph.D. field (ref. = engineering)    
Biological sciences 0.62
(0.17) 		0.60
(0.17) 		0.58
(0.18)
Math 0.41*
(0.15) 		0.38**
(0.14) 		0.36**
(0.14)
Physical science 0.71
(0.15) 		0.62*
(0.14) 		0.70
(0.16)
Institution (ref. = public)    
Private 0.69
(0.17) 		0.81
(0.21) 		0.88
(0.24)
Year in doctoral program (ref. = year 1)    
Year 2 1.39
(0.34) 		1.39
(0.35) 		1.12
(0.30)
Year 3 1.46
(0.35) 		1.56
(0.38) 		1.45
(0.37)
Year 4 1.82*
(0.47) 		1.89*
(0.49) 		1.78*
(0.49)
Year 5 1.89*
(0.55) 		1.81*
(0.53) 		2.11*
(0.66)
Year 6 1.62
(0.86) 		1.62
(0.86) 		2.03
(1.10)
Year 7 or more 1.63
(0.97) 		1.51
(0.91) 		1.27
(0.81)
Research group (ref. = yes)    
No 0.77
(0.26) 		0.73
(0.25) 		0.63
(0.23)
Unsure 0.90
(0.49) 		0.90
(0.50) 		0.90
(0.52)
Two or more funding sources 1.28
(0.29) 		1.24
(0.28) 		1.39
(0.33)
Primary funding (ref. = research assistantship)    
External fellowship   0.42***
(0.11) 		0.33***
(0.09)
Internal fellowship   0.68
(0.16) 		0.69
(0.17)
Teaching assistantship   0.95
(0.21) 		1.28
(0.30)
Career alignment    4.32***
(0.78)
Constant (intercept) 0.70
(0.16) 		0.90
(0.22) 		0.42***
(0.12)
Pseudo-R2 6.3% 7.6% 14.8%
  1. In models with engineering doctoral students only, all results are comparable. When interacting primary funding with career alignment there were no significant findings (see Appendix 4)
  2. *p \(\le\) 0.05, **p \(\le\) 00.01, ***p \(\le\) 0.001
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