Table 1 “Perspectives and thinking styles” of technology, science, and mathematics
From: Conceptual framework of STEM based on Japanese subject principles
Subject | Perspective | Thinking style |
|---|---|---|
Technology (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 2018a) | Focusing on social demand, safety, environmental burden, economic efficiency, etc. | Thinking to optimize/systematize |
Science (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 2018b) | Focusing on relationships as qualitative/quantitative and temporal/spatial | Thinking to explore theory/laws |
Mathematics (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 2018c) | Focusing on quantities, figures, and their relationships | Thinking with numbers/symbols |