Table 7 Independent samples test comparing short-term to long-term lesson plans

Knowledge construction^a

− 3.30

50.26

.002

− 1.78

− 0.18

0.92

Real-world problem solving^a

− 2.67

47.27

.010

− 1.23

0.003

0.77

Skilled communication^a

− 4.65

49.30

.000

− 1.57

− 0.42

1.31

Collaboration

0.21

65

.83

− 0.66

0.78

0.05

Use of ICT for learning^a

− 4.11

50.02

.000

− 1.48

− 0.31

1.15

Self-regulation^a

− 7.88

37.66

.000

− 1.94

− 0.95

2.54

Total 21CLD score^a

− 5.54

47.74

.000

− 7.23

− 2.51

1.59