Fig. 1

The Modification Identification Framework (MIF). The shading and dotted lines indicate levels of questions. Specifically, the bold, solid lined questions all must be answered for each change; the bold, dashed lined questions indicate a choice the coder must make (i.e., is the change to the instructional practice or to the context); the dotted lined questions follow after the instructional practice or context choice; and the non-bold, solid lined boxes show the finest-grained codes for each main question