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Table 4 Standardized regression coefficients for correlations between programming involvement and all independent variables (gender, age, and competition type) and covariates (programming experience, robotics experience, programming interest, and robotics interest)

From: Gender, interest, and prior experience shape opportunities to learn programming in robotics competitions

Variables

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Gender

.019

.049

.480

.080

.166

Age

__

__

−.223**

__

−.113~

FLL

__

 

__

 

__

FTC

__

−.309**

__

−.238**

__

FRC

__

−.414**

__

−.280**

__

VIQ

__

−.295**

__

−.230**

__

VEX

__

−.198**

__

−.180**

__

ProgInterest

__

__

__

.370**

.427**

ProgExp

__

__

__

.057

.029

Gender*age

__

__

−.482~

 

−.088

Gender*competition

__

[−.164~, .017]

__

[−.086, .028]

 

N

470

399

467

396

463

R 2

<.001

.26

.09

.37

.25

  1. Note: **p < .001, *p < .01, ~ p < .05
  2. — not included in the model