Fig. 3

Qualitative coding and validation approach. We completed first cycle coding for instructor interviews followed by second cycle coding where we generated categories and themes from initial codes. Following instructor data analysis, we coded student survey data using categories generated previously by the instructor data. Following instructor and student analysis, an external expert panel was used to validate categories and descriptions. Blue represents first or open cycle coding, red represents second cycle coding, dark red represents deductive coding with student data, and yellow represents study validation