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Table 1 A list of all COPUS attributes. Adapted from: (Smith et al., (2013); Tomkin et al., (2019))

From: Modeling students’ behavioral engagement through different in-class behavior styles

 

Code

Description

Collapsed categories

Active(A)/Passive(P)

Students are doing...

L

Listening to instructor/taking notes, etc.

Receiving (R)

P

 

AnQ

Student answering a question posed by the instructor with the rest of class listening

Talking to class (STC)

-

 

SQ

Student asks question

 

 

WC

Engaged in whole class discussion by offering explanations, opinion, judgment, etc. to whole class, often facilitated by instructor

 

A

 

SP

Presentation by student(s)

 

A

 

Ind

Individual thinking/problem solving. Only mark when an instructor explicitly asks students to think about a clicker question or another question/problem on their own

Working (SW)

 

CG

Discuss clicker question in groups of 2 or more students

 

A

 

WG

Working in groups on worksheet activity

 

A

 

OG

Other assigned group activity, such as responding to instructor question

 

 

Prd

Making a prediction about the outcome of a demo or experiment

 

A

 

TQ

Test or quiz

 

 

W

Waiting (instructor late, working on fixing AV problems, instructor otherwise occupied)

Other (OS)

 

O

Other-explain in comments

 

Instructors are doing...

Lec

Lecturing (presenting content, deriving mathematical results, presenting a problem solution, etc.)

Presenting (P)

P

 

RtW

Real-time writing on board, doc. projector, etc. (often checked along with Lec)

 

 

D/V

Showing or conducting a demo, experiment, simulation, video, or animation

 

P

 

FUp

Follow-up/feedback on clicker question or activity to entire class

Guiding (G)

A

 

PQ

Posing a non-clicker question to students (non-rhetorical)

 

A

 

CQ

Asking a clicker question (mark the entire time the instructor is using a clicker question, not just when first asked)

 

A

 

AnQ

Listening to and answering student questions with entire class listening

 

 

MG

Moving through class guiding ongoing student work during active learning task

 

 

1o1

One-on-one extended discussion with one or a few individuals, not paying attention to the rest of the class (can occur with AnQ, but should not occur with MG)

 

 

Adm

Administration (assign homework, return tests, etc.)

Administration (A)

 

W

Waiting when there is an opportunity for an instructor to be interacting with or observing/listening to student or group activities and the instructor is not doing so

Other (OI)

 

O

Other-explain in comments