Fig. 2

Metacognitive framework. The outer triangle represents the iterative process as described by Zimmerman. The framework described in this study utilizes a selected subset (inner triangle) of these attributes consistent with Flavell’s four components of metacognition. Attributes in pink, blue and green were selected from the forethought, performance, and self-reflection phase, respectively. Two of Flavell’s constructs “metacognitive experiences” and “metacognitive knowledge” are taken together as “Awareness and Experiences”