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Table 4 Logistic regression of research skills

From: STEM doctoral students’ skill development: does funding mechanism matter?

n = 719

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Gender (ref. = man)

   

Woman

0.88

(0.15)

0.86

(0.16)

0.84

(0.16)

Race (ref. = White)

   

Asian

1.56

(0.36)

1.65*

(0.41)

1.57

(0.42)

Black

0.68

(0.33)

0.71

(0.36)

0.74

(0.41)

Hispanic

0.94

(0.27)

0.96

(0.30)

0.83

(0.27)

Citizenship (ref. = U.S. citizen)

   

Non-U.S. citizen

0.93

(0.21)

1.02

(0.25)

1.20

(0.33)

Ph.D. field (ref. = engineering)

   

Biological sciences

1.02

(0.28)

1.16

(0.35)

1.23

(0.40)

Math

0.26***

(0.09)

0.50

(0.20)

0.53

(0.23)

Physical science

0.56**

(0.11)

0.77

(0.18)

0.90

(0.23)

Institution (ref. = public)

   

Private

0.80

(0.20)

0.73

(0.20)

0.86

(0.25)

Year in doctoral program (ref. = year 1)

   

Year 2

1.37

(0.33)

1.30

(0.34)

0.92

(0.27)

Year 3

1.45

(0.35)

1.40

(0.36)

1.23

(0.34)

Year 4

1.88*

(0.50)

2.00*

(0.57)

1.91*

(0.59)

Year 5

1.13

(0.33)

1.20

(0.38)

1.41

(0.49)

Year 6

1.41

(0.75)

1.18

(0.67)

1.37

(0.85)

Year 7 or more

1.79

(1.13)

1.31

(0.85)

0.92

(0.66)

Research group (ref. = yes)

   

No

0.28***

(0.10)

0.33**

(0.13)

0.27**

(0.11)

Unsure

0.64

(0.35)

0.67

(0.39)

0.71

(0.45)

Two or more funding sources

0.80

(0.18)

0.95

(0.23)

1.01

(0.27)

Primary funding (ref. = research assistantship)

   

External fellowship

 

0.58*

(0.15)

0.41**

(0.12)

Internal fellowship

 

0.57*

(0.14)

0.54*

(0.14)

Teaching assistantship

 

0.11***

(0.03)

0.11***

(0.03)

Career alignment

  

6.75***

(1.35)

Constant (intercept)

1.52

(0.34)

2.50***

(0.65)

1.16

(0.33)

Pseudo-R2

7.0%

16.4%

27.1%

  1. In models with engineering doctoral students only, internal fellowship is no longer significant. All other results are comparable. When interacting primary funding with career alignment, there is a significant finding only for the interaction between external fellowship and career alignment (Appendix 4; b = 0.31; p < 0.029)
  2. *p \(\le\) 0.05, **p \(\le\) 00.01, ***p \(\le\) 0.001