From: STEM doctoral students’ skill development: does funding mechanism matter?
n = 719 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (ref. = man) | |||
Woman | 0.88 (0.15) | 0.86 (0.16) | 0.84 (0.16) |
Race (ref. = White) | |||
Asian | 1.56 (0.36) | 1.65* (0.41) | 1.57 (0.42) |
Black | 0.68 (0.33) | 0.71 (0.36) | 0.74 (0.41) |
Hispanic | 0.94 (0.27) | 0.96 (0.30) | 0.83 (0.27) |
Citizenship (ref. = U.S. citizen) | |||
Non-U.S. citizen | 0.93 (0.21) | 1.02 (0.25) | 1.20 (0.33) |
Ph.D. field (ref. = engineering) | |||
Biological sciences | 1.02 (0.28) | 1.16 (0.35) | 1.23 (0.40) |
Math | 0.26*** (0.09) | 0.50 (0.20) | 0.53 (0.23) |
Physical science | 0.56** (0.11) | 0.77 (0.18) | 0.90 (0.23) |
Institution (ref. = public) | |||
Private | 0.80 (0.20) | 0.73 (0.20) | 0.86 (0.25) |
Year in doctoral program (ref. = year 1) | |||
Year 2 | 1.37 (0.33) | 1.30 (0.34) | 0.92 (0.27) |
Year 3 | 1.45 (0.35) | 1.40 (0.36) | 1.23 (0.34) |
Year 4 | 1.88* (0.50) | 2.00* (0.57) | 1.91* (0.59) |
Year 5 | 1.13 (0.33) | 1.20 (0.38) | 1.41 (0.49) |
Year 6 | 1.41 (0.75) | 1.18 (0.67) | 1.37 (0.85) |
Year 7 or more | 1.79 (1.13) | 1.31 (0.85) | 0.92 (0.66) |
Research group (ref. = yes) | |||
No | 0.28*** (0.10) | 0.33** (0.13) | 0.27** (0.11) |
Unsure | 0.64 (0.35) | 0.67 (0.39) | 0.71 (0.45) |
Two or more funding sources | 0.80 (0.18) | 0.95 (0.23) | 1.01 (0.27) |
Primary funding (ref. = research assistantship) | |||
External fellowship | 0.58* (0.15) | 0.41** (0.12) | |
Internal fellowship | 0.57* (0.14) | 0.54* (0.14) | |
Teaching assistantship | 0.11*** (0.03) | 0.11*** (0.03) | |
Career alignment | 6.75*** (1.35) | ||
Constant (intercept) | 1.52 (0.34) | 2.50*** (0.65) | 1.16 (0.33) |
Pseudo-R2 | 7.0% | 16.4% | 27.1% |