Fit Index | Model | χ2SB (df) | CFI | RMSEA (90% CI) | Δ χ2SB (Δdf) | ΔP | ΔCFI | ΔRMSEA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1: Configural invariance (factor structure) | – | 155.84 (110) | .980 | .055 (.031–.061) | – | – | – | – |
Model 2: Metric Invariance (factor structure + loadings) | M2 vs. M1 | 163.46 (118) | .980 | .045 (.030–.059) | 8.19 (8) | .415 | .000 | .010 |
Model 3a: Scalar invariance (factor structure + loadings + intercepts) | M3a vs. M2 | 184.03 (126) | .975 | .050 (.035–.063) | 28.54 (8) | .000 | .005 | .005 |
Model 3b: Partial scalar invariance (factor structure + loadings + intercepts) | M3b vs. M2 | 174.82 (125) | .978 | .046 (.031–.060) | 12.36 (7) | .089 | .003 | .004 |
Model 4: Strict invariance (factor structure + loadings + intercepts + error variances) | M4 vs. M3b | 180.56 (138) | 0.981 | .041 (.025–.054) | 9.82 (13) | .709 | .002 | .006 |