Who is a scientist? The relationship between counter-stereotypical beliefs about scientists and the STEM major intentions of Black and Latinx male and female students

Nguyen, Ursula; Riegle-Crumb, Catherine

doi:10.1186/s40594-021-00288-x

International Journal of STEM Education

Table 2 Results of logistic regression models predicting female students’ intentions to major in STEM Fields

From: Who is a scientist? The relationship between counter-stereotypical beliefs about scientists and the STEM major intentions of Black and Latinx male and female students

Variables	Biological sciences			Physical sciences			Math			Computer Science			Engineering
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7	Model 8	Model 9	Model 10	Model 11	Model 12	Model 13	Model 14	Model 15
	Baseline	Full	Full + interaction	Baseline	Full	Full + interaction	Baseline	Full	Full + interaction	Baseline	Full	Full + interaction	Baseline	Full	Full + interaction
Counter-Stereotypical Beliefs about Scientists	0.869*	0.584	− 0.493	0.498	0.206	0.389	0.516	0.419	− 0.303	0.871*	0.953*	0.659	1.318***	1.249**	1.610
Counter-Stereotypical Beliefs about Scientists	(0.409)	(0.424)	(0.911)	(0.408)	(0.428)	(1.042)	(0.330)	(0.343)	(0.865)	(0.373)	(0.385)	(0.950)	(0.392)	(0.404)	(1.084)
Interaction
Beliefs × Latinx (ref = beliefs × Black)			1.346			− 0.218			0.844			0.347			− 0.418
Beliefs × Latinx (ref = beliefs × Black)			(1.018)			(1.130)			(0.933)			(1.028)			(1.159)
Controls
Latinx (ref = Black)		− 0.134	− 0.986		0.028	0.168		0.159	− 0.367		0.045	− 0.177		0.276	0.560
Latinx (ref = Black)		(0.290)	(0.692)		(0.306)	(0.792)		(0.256)	(0.627)		(0.278)	(0.712)		(0.295)	(0.848)
Mother’s highest level of education		0.285	0.301		− 0.141	− 0.144		− 0.456	− 0.444		0.071	0.079		0.023	0.013
Mother’s highest level of education		(0.314)	(0.313)		(0.346)	(0.347)		(0.299)	(0.299)		(0.305)	(0.305)		(0.313)	(0.315)
Standardized 8th grade math test score		0.101	0.102		0.011	0.010		0.044	0.044		− 0.070	− 0.071		− 0.057	− 0.057
Standardized 8th grade math test score		(0.113)	(0.113)		(0.113)	(0.113)		(0.093)	(0.094)		(0.103)	(0.103)		(0.104)	(0.104)
8th grade high self-perception of science performance		0.654**	0.668**		0.883***	0.881***		0.587**	0.597**		− 0.285	− 0.281		0.326	0.323
8th grade high self-perception of science performance		(0.245)	(0.245)		(0.247)	(0.247)		(0.210)	(0.210)		(0.247)	(0.247)		(0.236)	(0.237)
Constant	− 2.150***	− 2.134***	− 1.447*	− 1.970***	− 2.098***	− 2.217**	− 1.238***	− 1.424***	− 0.970	− 1.858***	− 1.882***	− 1.691*	− 2.218***	− 2.507***	− 2.755***
Constant	(0.271)	(0.387)	(0.623)	(0.264)	(0.396)	(0.741)	(0.211)	(0.323)	(0.585)	(0.245)	(0.358)	(0.662)	(0.266)	(0.389)	(0.800)
Model fit statistics
Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test
Chi-squared statistic	4.87	1.87	4.93	11.38	12.89	15.46	0.67	8.25	9.14	0.78	5.49	3.52	4.70	7.41	3.88
df	3	8	8	3	8	8	3	8	8	3	8	8	3	8	8
p-value	0.1819	0.9848	0.7645	0.0098**	0.1157	0.0509	0.8796	0.4097	0.3305	0.8538	0.7039	0.8975	0.1950	0.4931	0.8680
Fit measures to compare models
AIC	508.66	506.71	506.99	501.77	497.32	499.29	684.08	681.89	683.08	582.54	588.61	590.50	553.93	558.98	560.85
BIC	517.37	532.84	537.48	510.49	523.46	529.78	692.79	708.03	713.57	591.26	614.75	620.99	562.64	585.12	591.34
Likelihood ratio test (Ref: full model)
Chi-squared statistic	9.95		1.72	12.45		0.04	10.19		0.81	1.93		0.11	2.95		0.13
df	4		1	4		1	4		1	4		1	4		1
p-value	0.0412*		0.1897	0.0143*		0.8466	0.0374*		0.3683	0.7485		0.7372	0.5657		0.7163

Coefficients are from single-level logistic regression models, N = 576 female students; robust standard errors are in parentheses
*** p < 0.001, ** p <0.01, * p <0.05

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