Cultural capital in undergraduate research: an exploration of how biology students operationalize knowledge to access research experiences at a large, public research-intensive institution

International Journal of STEM Education

Table 3 Percent of non-researchers and researchers who reported each rule during the interview

Rules of research	Non-researchers (n = 42)	Researchers (n = 43)	p value^a
Finding research
Use online university resources	86%	81%	0.93
Talk with instructors	67%	70%	0.63
Talk with advisors	33%	26%	0.40
Talk with graduate students	31%	12%	0.23
Talk with peers	14%	28%	0.21
Securing research
Express interest^b	43%	77%	0.04
Do background research^b	19%	65%	0.01
Build relationships with PIs	31%	47%	0.23
Be engaged during the interview^b	7%	58%	<0.01
Email multiple PIs^b	9%	44%	0.01

^aAll p values have been corrected using the BH correction at the 0.05 false discovery rate
^bResearchers were statistically more likely to report a rule than non-researchers when controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, college generation status, transfer status, year in college, and GPA