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Table 3 Summary of results by question

From: Improving conceptual understanding of gas behavior through the use of screencasts and simulations

Question pair

LO

Pretest mean

Follow-up mean

Mean normalized change

ANOVA results

1

1

0.55

0.71

0.33

F1,215 = 64.678, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.231

2

2

0.30

0.69

0.56

F1,225 = 74.088, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.248

3

2/1 and 2a

0.76

0.36

− 0.47

F1,227 = 94.104, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.293

4

3

0.50

0.81

0.62

F1,214 = 49.788, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.189

5

1 and 3

0.15

0.29

0.16

F1,209 = 21.848, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.095

  1. aPretest only assessed LO2, but follow-up included both LO1 and LO2