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Table 1 Levels of STEM integration, adapted from Vasquez et al. (2013)

From: Understanding coherence and integration in integrated STEM curriculum

Type of integration

General description

Disciplinary

Content learned in separate disciplinary classrooms

Multidisciplinary

Content learned separately but connected through a common theme

Interdisciplinary

Focus on interdisciplinary content and practices from two or more disciplines connected through a common theme or problem

Transdisciplinary

Content from two or more disciplines are applied to real-world problems, with the learning focus on the real-world problem