Effects of infusing the engineering design process into STEM project-based learning to develop preservice technology teachers’ engineering design thinking

International Journal of STEM Education

Table 6 Preservice technology teachers’ performance: explanations of advanced system concepts (overall)

Team		Had explanations for advanced system concepts	Did not have explanations for advanced system concepts	χ2	p
Pretest	EG (N = 15)	2 (13.33%)	13 (86.67%)	2.35	0.13
Pretest	CG (N = 13)	5 (38.46%)	8 (61.54%)	2.35	0.13
Posttest	EG (N = 15)	12 (80%)	3 (20%)	2.18	0.14
Posttest	CG (N = 13)	7 (53.85%)	6 (46.15%)	2.18	0.14